Автоматизация процесса разработки программного обеспечения: методы и средства

Abstract

В статье рассмотрены тенденции сокращения рутинных операций при проектировании, кодировании, тестировании, развертывании и документировании программного обеспечения (ПО), проанализировано воплощение этих трендов в виде ряда инструментов, автоматизирующих один или несколько аспектов разработки ПО. Приведены примеры трансформации классических понятий разработки ПО к современному состоянию с учетом текущих потребностей и возможностей рынка информационных технологий (ИТ). Описаны возможные пути качественного изменения пользователя и профессионала в ИТ-сфере.

The complexity of information processing caused the increasing the level of software abstraction and forces the changes of the process of creating this type of products. Functional stages of the software development process in practice are implemented in a variety of models and methodologies. Needs to reduce the time of software development led to new approaches, methods and tools of the organization, implementation of this process. The paper outlines the modern trends in the reduction of routine operations in designing, coding, testing, deployment and documentation software, and analyzed the implementation of these tendencies in the form of a series of tools to automate one or several aspects of software development. The following aspects are discussed in the research: unification of techniques and technologies, containerization, migration to the cloud, continuing integration of processes and data, promotion of declarative programming approaches and languages, focused on math and statistical processing of BigData, multiparadigmality of languages and raising the level of their abstraction. There are examples of transformation of classical concepts of software development to the present state through all steps of the process: from requirements analysis to implementation and maintenanceaccording to the current needs and capabilities of the IT market. The possible ways of changing the users and professionals competencies in the field of information technology (IT) are described.