Методика определения структуры фрагментов, связанных через эфирные мостики в маслах природного битума

Abstract

The urgency of the discussed issue is due to the necessity to obtain and summarize the information onthe composition and structure of oily and resin-asphaltene components from unconventional hydrocarbonsources - heavy high-viscosity crudes and natural bitumen, to identify ways their genesis and to solve theproblem of their production, transportation and processing, as well as rational use of the products obtained. Themain aim of the study was to develop a procedure for identifying compositions and structures of molecularfragments bonded via C-O linkages in ether and ester bridges in oily components of natural bitumen. Themethods used in the study: a chemical reactions of ether and ester linkages ruptures using BBr3, analysis of theformed organic bromides with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The initial oils were also characterizedby gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two isomers of monobromide and dibromides of alkyltrimethylbenzenes homologues series C13-C21 were identified in the reaction products. Among the mono- and dibromidesof alkyltrimethyl benzenes we have identified the derivatives of С13-С17 homologues which were absent in theinitial oils. Therefore unlike homologues С18-С21 these homologues in the initial oils were completely linked withother fragments of the complex high-molecular components via one or two ether and ester bridges. In additionanalyzing the results of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry we have revealed that mass-spectra ofcertain peaks contained ions corresponding to mono- and dibromides of naphthalene, phenanthrene,dibenzothiophene and their homologues. Therefore some of the mentioned types of the compounds were bondedin complex high-molecular components of the initial oils via one or two ether and ester bridges.