Моделирование тепломассопереноса в системах хранения водорода

Abstract

The disadvantages of traditional non-renewable energy sources have attracted researchers to search for an alternative. Hydrogen was considered as one of the candidates, since it has the highest specific heat of combustion (120.8 𝑀𝐽/𝑚3), it is environmentally friendly, versatile and affordable. But its low volumetric energy density (0.0898 𝑔/𝑙) made its storage a serious disadvantage. Storage of compressed gas under high pressure has some advantages: ease of storage and extraction, low gas losses. But this method is very unsafe and energyintensive, has a low gravimetric storage density. Storage of liquid hydrogen requires high energy consumption, has evaporation losses, moreover, has a complex cryogenic system. Solid-state storage of hydrogen in the metal hydride-bound state is safe, efficient, provides compact design, has the possibility of controlled sorption and desorption. The storage device must be designed in such a way as to absorb a sufficient amount of hydrogen in a short period of time. The process of hydrogen absorption is associated with significant heat release, but the poor thermal conductivity of the metal hydride powder slows down the process and increases the charging time. Previous research in this area has shown that an efficient storage system can significantly increase the rate of hydrogen absorption to reduce charging time