Разработка установки получения глубокообессоленной воды для подпитки барабанных котлов.

Abstract

В настоящее время подпиточная вода на ТЭЦ получается в основном химическим способом основанном на ионном обмене. В результате чего в окружающую среду сбрасывается большое количество химреагентов. Можно отметить что на 1 кг извлеченной соли затрачивается около 7 кг химических веществ. Кроме того химводоподготовка занимает большие площади за счет емкостей для хранения химических реагентов для водоочистки. В дипломном проекте мною был выполнен материальный, тепловой, гидравлический и экономический расчет установки. На основе данных расчетов была выбрана оптимальная конструкция выпарного аппарата. В состав технологической установки входит следующее технологическое оборудование: Шестиступенчатый испаритель мгновенного вскипания ИМВ производительностью 15 т/ч, вакуумный деаэратор ДВ, вакуумны

Currently CHP feed water is obtained mainly by chemical method based on ion exchange. As a result, the environment is discharged a large number of chemicals. It may be noted that 1 kg of salt extracted about 7 kg spent chemicals. Besides chemical water treatment covers large areas at the expense of storage tanks for chemicals for water treatment. In my thesis project was made material, thermal, hydraulic and economic calculation of the installation. Optimal design of the evaporator has been selected on the basis of these calculations. It includes the following technological equipment in the structure of the process unit: Six-evaporator instant boiling IMV capacity of 15 t / h, the vacuum degasser DV, vacuum capacitor BK, head heater SE, circulation pump H1 of desalinated water pump H2, a collection of desalinated water SB1, a collection of blowdown water SB2, vacuum pump HV, pipelines, fittings, , KIP and A. The device operates as follows. Heating steam with a temperature of 130-160 network ° C and pressure 0.3-0.6 MPa enters the heater head GP where condenses heats the circulation water of 70 to 80 ° C. The resulting steam condensate is returned to production. Hot water enters the circulation Evaporator instant boiling. Evaporator N720-1K-02 is a rectangular six section vaporization chamber with built-in horizontal 2-way pipe heater capacitors. Partitioning the bottom part provided with control valves to regulate the levels in the evaporator sections. In order to maintain the required level in each section of hydraulic locks installed downcomers thresholds. Under capacitors installed pipe heater trays for collection of distillate. At the top of each section of the vertical louver installed drift eliminators. Entering into the first stage evaporator IMV, resulting in reduction of circulating water pressure and partially vaporized flows into the water trap level due to the following progressive vacuum evaporator stages capacitors supported. Gradually evaporating, circulating water passes through six stages of evaporation, cooled to 35 0 C and a pump circulating water H1 is fed to the tube space of the condenser 4 th stage. Passing the capacitors of the first four stages of the circulating water is heated to 70 0C temperature and enters the heater head SE. Formed in each stage vapors condense on the heat exchange tubes of condensers, and the distillate formed in each stage is given in the first reservoir, and then flows into the collection Sa demineralized water. From SB collection desalinated water pump H2 is given to the consumer. Source water is fed into the vacuum degasser the Far East, where it distills from dissolved gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide and so the remains. N). AT as the heating medium in the deaerator is fed portion of the hot water circulation after head heater. To maintain the water chemistry of the circulating water (purging the installation) is derived from the unit to discharge. To remove heat from the unit capacitors in the last 2 stages of cooling circulating water is supplied to the cooling tower at a temperature of 15-25 0C. For the evacuation of non-condensable gases produced from the source of water (flow) and air impingement through leakages equipment, used water ring vacuum pump HV. The main installation device is used: Heat exchangers N720-1K-02 (evaporator instant boiling). Installation presented in the thesis project is designed to produce water of a river deep desalted water quality parameters, requirements for feed water drum boilers. In this work was carried out thermal, material and hydraulic calculation of the installation, as well as a feasibility study.