The Application of Ammonium Hydroxide and Sodium Hydroxide for Reagent Softening of Water

Abstract

The calcium carbonate crystallization from aqueous solutions in the presence of alkali additives such as sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide has been researched. It is found CaCO[3] crystallizes predominantly in the modification of aragonite in the presence of ammonium hydroxide. The calcium carbonate formation rate in an alkaline medium and the gaseous reaction products due to sorption of gas bubbles on crystal surfaces, affect the aragonite structure formation. It is shown use of ammonium hydroxide for water treatment can solve two urgent tasks such as water softening and exclusion sediment of deposits on the equipment surfaces by a calcium carbonate crystallization in the form of aragonite.